All of those codes suggest a wiring problem and could be as simple as a wire which has come loose; unfortunately Autozone’s scanner isn’t going to tap into VW diagnostics to give you more insight…it just can’t talk to the vehicle’s controllers. You should find someone in your area who has invested in a VAG specific analyzer such as VCDS. With that cable and it’s software they’ve got the capability that real VW/Audi technicians have. Also, spending a hundred bucks for the white Bentley repair manual is a wise investment (assuming you’re going to keep the car)…having made the investment in a new cat it sounds like you’re “All in” on keeping the Bug so invest a bit more and read it. These are well enginieered/built little cars despite all the negatives you will find on the Internet (there’s no rule that posters have to be truthful and unbiased - or even relating real stories). I think that, in addition to incompetent and outright fraudulent “mechanics”, is the majority of the problem. You should find a specialist (and you will pay for that priviledge) who can troubleshoot and give you substantial answers not some parts-changer/grease-monkey. If they use terms & jargon like “that tranny is shot” TURN AROUND AND RUN.
Being low on gas has nothing to do with your problem…