Jetta se

16 INCH WHEELS OR 17INCH WHEELS…IS THE ONLY DIFFERENCE IN THE SIZE OF TIRE AND RIM? OR IS THE AXEL WHEEL BASE OR ANYTHING ELSE DIFFERENT?

You can get this information at Tire Rack:

http://www.tirerack.com/tires/SelectTireSize.jsp?autoMake=Volkswagen&autoModel=Jetta+Sedan&autoYear=2010&autoModClar=SE

Only difference is the tire/wheel. The overall diameter likely stays the same either way. If the 17"s are included in a ‘sport’ suspension option, then springs and shocks probably also differ.