Puzzling repair

Upon cranking my 2002 Dodge Grand Caravan and driving app. 10 miles the speedometer and odometer will stop working and the motor will sound strained for the rest of the driving time. The rpm’s go up and it dies from time to time when making a quick stop or turn. It starts right back up. The next day upon starting again the process starts all over. Whats the problem?

The speed sensor is likely failing and without a speed reference the computer shifts the transmission to 3d gear as a limp home default.