how does oil get on your cyclinder wall if the rings are in the way, and how come your not burning oil if its on your cylinder wall?
Each piston has an oil control ring or scrapper ring. As the piston moves up oil is deposited on the cylinder wall. When the piston moves back down the oil control or scrapper ring removes the oil from the cylinder wall.
If these rings become broken or gets stuck in the piston groove, the ring can no longer conform to the shape of the cylinder. When this happens the oil is no longer removed from the cylinder wall and the engine begins to burn oil.
Tester
First it gets splashed onto the cylinder wall from underneath. Then one of the piston rings scraps almost all of it back down as the piston moves down.
what if its a dry sump motor?
Then it gets pumped into place under pressure or sprayed through a nozzle. The connecting rods also have holes drilled in them to shoot oil where it should go. Dry sumps use scavenge pumps to remove the excess oil so it can get back to the pressure pump. There is still plenty of oil for the cylinder walls. After all, you design it to keep running. Where there is an engineer, there is a way.
A dry sump engine is one in which the oil is held in a tank or other reservoir other than the oil pan. Most engines store their oil in a pan at the bottom of the engine, and the oil is pumped from the pan to the upper parts of the engine. Dry sump engines don’t have oil pans. Their oil is held elsewhere, but still pumped through the engine by one or more oil pumps.
Many racing cars use a dry sump system, as do some Porsche vehicles. I’m sure there are others.