2001 Subaru Forester - Won't start sometimes

car intermittently won’t start
Does not make any sound at all when this happens.
All electrical things (windows, radio, etc) work just fine.
ignition switch?
starter?
solenoid?
How is it diagnosed?

Could be any of the 3. Could also be the battery cable going to the starter, could also be a ground strap.

With a good digital voltmeter. If voltage it getting TO the starter solenoid but not to the starter itself, bingo, its the solenoid. And I think that is pretty likely from the symptoms described. If the solenoid is OK, the starter is the next suspect. Remove and take it to the auto parts store for testing.

Battery connections are the first place to begin when you have a “No Crank” situation. Even
if you have a new battery, if the connections are loose, dirty or corroded, you will not be
allowing the full flow of current to pass thru the connections. The connection may be
enough to turn on the lights, but not enough for the huge flow that is needed to operate the
starter. This is where many people say that they know the battery is good….”because the
lights come on”. This is no more a battery test than licking a 9volt battery. It only tells you that there is electricity…not how many volts or the amperage that flows from the battery.
Jump starting may have wiggled the terminal just enough to allow the current to pass and start the engine, but tomorrow you have the same problem.

First remove the cables from the battery and use a wire brush to remove any corrosion and dirt from the battery posts and the cable terminals. There is a tool with a round wire brush for this purpose, found at any auto parts store for less than $10 http://shop.advanceautoparts.com/p/kd-tools-terminal-battery-brush-kdt201/25980576-P?searchTerm=terminal+brush.
Before connecting the cables, apply a coating of di-electric grease to the battery posts this will keep oxygen away from the connection so that it will not corrode as fast.

It is just as important that the other end of the cables also have a clean connection. Remove the negative cable from the battery again so that you do not short anything out. Follow both cables to their far ends, remove this connection and wire brush the connection and the cable terminal clean and retighten these connections.

If there was work done recently, there may have been an “engine to body” ground that was not installed following the work. These grounds normally run from the rear of the engine to the firewall and are uninsulated and most are a braided wire. If any of these are found unattached…reattach them.
Remember….this is not a “Sherman Tank” don’t over tighten the connections.
Tight…tight………………too tight…broke!!!

Yosemite

The next time the engine won’t start, with the dash lights on, step on the brake pedal and shift the transmission into neutral and then try starting the engine .

If the engine starts, it points to a problem with park-neutral safety/range sensor switch.

https://www.rockauto.com/en/catalog/subaru,2001,forester,2.5l+h4,1368727,electrical-switch+&+relay,neutral+safety+switch+/+range+sensor,4584

Tester

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