There is little if any hard evidence for choosing one filter or another. The most popular evidence is available on the web and it consist of photos of filters that have been taken apart.
Looking at the guts of the filters will show some that appear to have cardboard parts (a back check valve for example.) but then they don’t comment on the fact that most if not all use paper filters. Another approach is to use any of several real test of the ability to filter.
The real problem is non of the test I have seen are life studies. That is studies of like cars with like drivers and driving conditions and maintenance over many miles (at least 300,000 miles) to determine which filters resulted in reduced engine life.
So far I have not seen that. Frankly I doubt if there is any significant difference in engine life or performance from one filter to another.