What’s the purpose of 12 point sockets

I expect that’s the main benefit. That could prove highly beneficial $$-wise if your were manufacturing something, b/c it would decrease the amount of time it would take the workers to install the fasteners. If the ratchet you were using was a cheapo-type with coarse angular clicks, click challenged in other words, a 12 point could help make up for the ratchet’s limitation. As mentioned above, a 12-point’s ability to work w/square bolts might prove a benefit at times. Every time I’ve encountered a square fastener though, which isn’t very often, turning it has always required a wrench , usually b/c there’s the threaded part of the bolt extending too far, or something else is in the way.