No no no no no.
Unless he had AIR BRAKES on a pickup truck, there is nothing between the brake pedal and the brake caliper pistons and wheel cylinders except brake lines, and brake fluid.
The way an ABS system is routed is that the brake pedal pushes a rod into the back of the master cylinder.
The rubber seals in the master cylinder displaces brake fluid, and pushes it into the brake lines.
The brake lines then run through a combination box that balances the pressure for the front to rear bias, and at the same time is the box that has the actuators for the ABS function.
From there, the lines run to each wheel, feeding either a brake caliper (disc) or a wheel cylinder (drums).
Now, the way ABS functions is that the actuators in the ABS box are in a closed state.
Depending on the system, there is either one actuator per wheel, or a pair for the front, and a pair for the rear.
Under normal circumstances, when ABS function is not needed, the actuators are closed.
All the pressure goes directly to the calipers or wheel cylinders.
When the ABS computer senses that one tire is slowing down faster than the rest of the tires, then it opens that one valve long enough to make that tire slow down at the same rate as all the other tires. When the tire is slowed down enough, it closes the actuator, and brake fluid stops bleeding off.
Most ABS systems do not actuate when the vehicle is rolling backwards.
Your friend should have had full braking power.
Most ABS systems don’t actuate under a certain speed.
Your friend should have had full braking power.
Now, I don’t understand several things.
If it was a manual transmission truck, and was parked, one of two things had to have been in play if the truck was on a hill:
It was shut off with the truck in gear, and no parking brake.
It was shut off in neutral, with the parking brake.
Since it was on a hill, it has to have been in one of those two states.
If it was in neutral, without the parking brake, it would have rolled away.
Now, if it was in gear, without the parking brake, as soon as your friend hit the clutch to go and start the truck, it would have started to roll. In this case, backwards, as that is where the heavier load was.
Now, depending on the brake system for the trailer, hitting the brakes would have either done nothing with a combo that was going backwards (surge brakes), or should have done something (electronic).
Surge brakes work when the towing vehicle applies the brakes.
The trailer pushes forward against the TV.
There is a rod in the trailer tongue that pushes into the brake MC for the trailer, and activates the brakes.
If the trailer was going backwards with this type of braking system, then there was nothing your friend could have done to activate the trailers brakes. Chances are his truck left brake marks the whole way back from the truck’s system not being powerful enough to hold the trailer on a hill.
If it was an electronic brake system, the system relies on an electronic signal to turn on the trailer brakes. If the truck was still off, and was rolling backwards, there might not have been that electronic signal, so no trailer brakes.
I’m calling user error for the accident, not ABS failure.
BC.