You are right. The Audi in question has a turbo four banger and and naturally aspirated six cylinder. So they are not really good to compare for longevity. I agree with what you say about hauling heavy loads. That is one reason I refuse to tow anything with a four cylinder vehicle, even if it is a small truck with moderate towing capacity. I insist on at least six cylinders for towing anything.
One of the vehicles we have been using as an example for the purpose of this debate is the Honda Accord. Let’s look specifically at the four door sedan. The V6 has 1,117 extra CCs of displacement and it weighs about 370 pounds more. I guess that isn’t much of a difference. So this raises another question. If both cars have the same brakes and suspension components, won’t that extra 370 pounds lead to more wear to the brakes and suspension components?
Doesn’t your assumption ignore brake and suspension wear from carrying an additional 370 pounds? Doesn’t it also assume misuse of these four cylinder cars? After all, you would have to be crazy to drive through the mountains with an overloaded four cylinder car or tow with a four cylinder car. Even the V6 Accord is not made for towing. The conditions that you have listed would all be better suited for a six or eight cylinder truck.
In my opinion, the conditions which you describe as hazardous for four cylinder cars constitute abuse. If they aren’t overloaded, quality four cylinder cars can drive through the Rockies just fine.