5spd bearing damage caused by bad ground strap?

A tapered roller bearing has to be preloaded. This preload is usually taken by another tapered bearing opposed. If those two bearings are loaded excessively, they will fail early. Consider the pinion and carrier bearings on a regular differential. They are set by shims and measured by torque of rotation. With poor assemble they will not last long.

The bearing damage is most like fatigue damage which is over stress and repeated loading.