What kind of car engine damage could be caused by gasoline mixed with diesel?

Did your mechanic give you any idea what percentage of the fuel was diesel? What did your mechanic do, other than presumably getting the bad gas out of the tank and the fuel system?

I’m thinking that engine damage isn’t likely here, although am I wondering if anything bad could have happened to the catalytic converter.

It might not hurt to run some Techron through the fuel system for your next few fill-ups.