So, my car's fan stopped working. A little help?

Honestly, that form of temperature sensitivity suggests to me that the fan motor might be on its way out. Thermal expansion and contraction often affects things with windings.

You could, I suppose, test this by removing the fan, sticking it in the fridge or even the freezer overnight, and testing it straight from the fridge with a 9V battery. The fridge should be about 35F and the freezer somewhere just below 32F.